What is the most common type of end effector used in robotics?

The most common type of end effector used in robotics is the gripper. Grippers are designed to grasp and manipulate objects, making them versatile tools for a variety of tasks in automated processes. They are frequently used in assembly lines, packaging, and logistics to handle items safely and efficiently. Grippers can vary in design, from simple two-finger types to more complex multi-finger or soft grippers that can adapt to different shapes and sizes of objects, enhancing their utility.

In contrast, end effectors like vacuum tools are specialized for specific applications and are used primarily for handling flat or porous materials. Welding tools serve a particular function in joining materials but are not as broadly applicable as grippers. The term "manipulator" refers more to the entire robotic arm's capability rather than just the end-effector itself. Thus, grippers stand out as the most commonly used due to their adaptability and effectiveness in a wide range of robotic applications.